Trailer
This is not a ground-breaking or highly original trailer. For the most part, we have followed conventions of both form and genre quite closely. This is because we are trying to make a commercial product in an established genre, and is what the majority of successful films do. Trailers do not tens to be too innovative, or they run the risk of failing to do their job - hooking the audience into paying to see the full film.
Using the contact sheet above as a reference, I will analyse how we have established trailer and genre conventions.
Characters
Using the contact sheet above as a reference, I will analyse how we have established trailer and genre conventions.
Characters
Lucy- majority of shots of Lucy indicates that she is the main character and the film is about her. We had to use shots of her that establish the plot and setting. Shots of her unable to sleep and looking tired etc helped us to do it. (13)
Established her as the story’s ‘princess’(Propp) by using shots of her in trouble, looking vulnerable etc. Eg Lucy sitting against the wall crying and in distress- suggests someone will save her in the end whether it is caretaker or teacher. This is a common technique in our genre of psychological thriller.
![]() |
| Close up distressed heroine "What Lies Beneath" |
Teacher and Caretaker- (6) (12) we made sure to give both our suspects an equal amount of screen time so our plot was not revealed.
We therefore kept it ambiguous with the shots we used of the suspects also. There is a shot of the teacher asking Lucy if she is ok, then another shot of him running after her.
We also had a shot of Lucy confiding in the caretaker and then a shot of him shouting “Don’t try and stop me!” We have no idea if he does not want to be stopped helping or hurting her and this shot is deliberately ambiguous to create an unsettled atmosphere.
We cast a rough looking man for the caretaker (casual clothes, unshaven) as he more tstereotypically looks like a ‘villian’ than the actual villain - the teacher. This makes the film more unpredictable to the audience who, as people who like the psychological thriller genre, will probably like a problem to solve.
![]() |
| One of villains in "Taken" |
The teacher is very clean-cut, dress in suits and hair styles. This again would trick the audience into believing that he cannot be the villain as he does not look like one. The plausible villain (so that nobody believes the victim initially) is a common character type in our genre.
Also gave the audience red herrings such as the counsellor and head teacher- adds that extra layer of depth to the plot.
These are all common conventions to use with establishing of character in our genre - psychological drama depends on character and emotion so this was important to get right.
Genre Techniques
These are all common conventions to use with establishing of character in our genre - psychological drama depends on character and emotion so this was important to get right.
Genre Techniques
Dream Sequence- (4) (8) (3)
created using gaussian blur effect, sepia and slight slow motion.
created using gaussian blur effect, sepia and slight slow motion.
We layered shots, one being slightly transparent so that effects weren’t so abrupt but enough to tell audience it is a dream.
It creates a layer of confusion for the audience, forming puzzles for the audience to solve (aka enigma code)- something often found in psychological thrillers.
It creates a layer of confusion for the audience, forming puzzles for the audience to solve (aka enigma code)- something often found in psychological thrillers.
![]() |
| Sepia colour palette in "Inception" |
![]() |
| Dream sequence in "Shutter Island" |
Camera work-
We used close ups in our trailer. They are often found in psychological thrillers to intensify emotion/importance of things.
We used close ups in our trailer. They are often found in psychological thrillers to intensify emotion/importance of things.
We used close ups of Lucy crying and being strangled to do this. Close ups of Lucy show significance of her character. Close ups of her crying/looking tired highlight the fact something is wrong and that she cannot sleep.
![]() |
| Close up of victim in "Taken" |
Close ups of pills and watch (5) (11)- highlights their significance. Indicates to audience that they are important.
Two shots (9) were used to establish relationships for example, Lucy and her mother, Lucy and her bestfriend.
![]() |
| Two shot to show relationship "What Lies Beneath" |
Strangling shot / Murder- (1)
used to create a cliff-hanger at the end of the trailer.
used to create a cliff-hanger at the end of the trailer.
It creates suspense- leaves on a note of danger/jeopardy.
It entices audience to watching the trailer- wanting to know what happens to her/who it is that is strangling her.
Used to create the last part of Lacey’s 3 act trailer structure- the brief slower ending where cliff hanger is created.
This is the classic trailer form, as shown by my research posts into trailers, and we have replicated it quite closely because it is effective and widely used.
![]() |
| End cliffhanger Man of Steel |
This is the classic trailer form, as shown by my research posts into trailers, and we have replicated it quite closely because it is effective and widely used.
Mise-en-scene-
Lucy’s make up. (13) Helped us to accentuate the fact she couldn’t sleep.
Lucy’s make up. (13) Helped us to accentuate the fact she couldn’t sleep.
Created higher verisimilitude- if someone can’t sleep you expect them to look tired and worn out.
![]() |
| Al Pacino - "Insomnia" |
Also made the audience feel sorry for her and sympathise with her as the main character.
Props - Teacher’s watch- (5)
helped to create a puzzle. Audience will try and figure out who it is that’s wearing the watch and therefore who it is that is after Lucy.
helped to create a puzzle. Audience will try and figure out who it is that’s wearing the watch and therefore who it is that is after Lucy.
Props - Pill bottles- (11)
we made sure the pill bottles used were the same bottles as if they were different ‘Lucy’ would notice.
we made sure the pill bottles used were the same bottles as if they were different ‘Lucy’ would notice.
Locations -Used real settings- (10)
school and bedroom to create high visual verisimilitude- make the story more believable to the audience.
school and bedroom to create high visual verisimilitude- make the story more believable to the audience.
If it was not believable, the audience would not feel emotion towards our character and emotion and drama are key aspects of our genre. The more believable the location, the more shocking it is when this 'normal' life is disrupted.
Editing
We used graphic matches in our trailer and also matches on dialogue.
We did this to help the audience make sense of our trailer. Due to the fact trailers are not in chronological order, it may be hard to the audience to make sense of it. Using matches like when the mum says “I think you need to see someone” and then Lucy chatting to a counsellor, means the audience is able to link them together.
We also used matches like young Lucy running then older Lucy running so the audience know that the little girl is in fact Lucy when she is little. (7)
They also helped us organise the second part of Lacey’s 3 act trailer- where danger starts to build. It meant we were able to create flow and build pace in the trailer.
We used quick cuts to create this build of tension as well - this is probably the most recognisable feature of the trailer form as discussed in research posts.
Overall, we tried to replicate the non-chronological, montage editing style of the trailer form as far as possible without losing our audience and used parallels and structuring devices to make the whole trailer feel more coherent.Sound
Dialogue- We used dialogue to set up key elements of plot and character (the first part of the 3 act structure).
Dialogue- We used dialogue to set up key elements of plot and character (the first part of the 3 act structure).
E.g. when Lucy says “I’m having those dreams again” and “They feel like a memory”. There is a similar use of dialogue in "The Butterfly Effect" - "Do you remember when we were kids and i used to have those black outs? Well those memories are coming back to me."
http://youtu.be/B8_dgqfPXFgIt suggests to the audience that the plot is based on this character and finding out whether these dreams she is having are a memory and why she is having them.
We also used dialogue to create drama and tension- class psychological thriller techniques. For example when Lucy shouts “It’s real” (2)and the caretaker shouts “Don’t try and stop me”. (6) The audience will not know exactly what they are referring to but will be able to make good predictions and guesses.
Music- non-diegetic music added to the tense feel of the trailer, tension being a key emotion found in psychological thrillers. Tracks mixed to divide trailer into 3-act structure identified by Lacey.
We used a slow but creepy track to start off the trailer to suggest that something wasn’t right and added a drum beat and edited the sound to make it higher pitched and therefore more creepy.
We then used a second track to build pace for the second half of our trailer- creating a sense of danger and trouble, with a faster drum loop and we added extra reverb for intensity.
Final 'act' is the coda - eyes opening to drumbeat.
This structuring of the music is a sound convention of many trailers and therefore we have stayed close to formal conventions here.
Final 'act' is the coda - eyes opening to drumbeat.
This structuring of the music is a sound convention of many trailers and therefore we have stayed close to formal conventions here.
End Credits slide
This is expected to be seen. They can give websites so audience can look into it further. Typically black with light writing so they can be seen clearly. They are needed as an institutional formality but also help to signal the end of the trailer, which can have several false endings.
Title- (15) red with white outline. Wanted it to be recognisable and stand out. I think the deep red goes with our genre- symbolises danger.
It is a formal convention of trailers that the title of the film appears towards the end, probably so that people are more likely to remember it. We have tried to replicate all the normal formal conventions of trailers (credits, coming soon etc) so that we are clearly working in the correct form.
It is a formal convention of trailers that the title of the film appears towards the end, probably so that people are more likely to remember it. We have tried to replicate all the normal formal conventions of trailers (credits, coming soon etc) so that we are clearly working in the correct form.
Poster
Conventions of Form
(1) Title- audience will associate it with the trailer.
(1) Title- audience will associate it with the trailer.
Made it big and visible so first thing audience see. Red is a bold colour so it stands out against the background. Just like the title on the poster for “Drive”, a film we researched when looking at film posters, which is in a bold pink and so stands out against the dark background.
Also links in with our genre as symbolises danger and anger.
(2) Billing Block- makes our poster look professional and look like a poster as they are always found on posters.
They are in white to stand out across the dark background and placed at the bottom of the poster as this is typically found on a film poster. They also contain logos for sound enhancement and balancing etc. We have followed the conventional layout closely as seen by comparing with the billing block from Nightmare on Elm Street:
They are in white to stand out across the dark background and placed at the bottom of the poster as this is typically found on a film poster. They also contain logos for sound enhancement and balancing etc. We have followed the conventional layout closely as seen by comparing with the billing block from Nightmare on Elm Street:
(3) Review- hints that the film is full of thrills and moments that will keep you thinking. Many people like to have their taste confirmed by others, especially perceived 'experts'. The poster below relies on this as its main draw:
In a dark navy writing as it ties in which Lucy’s jumper and so brings all the colours together.
Conventions of Genre
(4)Background- we used a rippling water background as it links to the drowning in the film and creates a sense of movement and depth to the poster that the main image might lack.
Conventions of Genre
(4)Background- we used a rippling water background as it links to the drowning in the film and creates a sense of movement and depth to the poster that the main image might lack.
The ripples can symbolise that this girl’s life has been shaken up- something’s gone wrong. Also because, like when water isn’t clear when it’s rippled, Lucy isn’t too clear or sure about the dreams she has in the film- whether they are in fact just dreams or real memories.
It links to the psychological thriller as it again creates a layer of confusion to the story- suggesting that there is a problem to solve.
From the makers of- also makes the film look as if it has credibility. It suggests that, for them to refer to it, it must be quite a successful film and so they expect the same good quality from this film also.
(5)Main image- wanted to create a sense of there being a few layers to our film as its quite complex and in-depth concept, something that belongs in our genre. Our main image of Lucy looking behind and a partly transparent close of her younger self behind her helps us to do this. We saw this idea of different transparencies in many posters and feel it helps to create a sense of differing realities without the audience being able to be sure what is the 'real' reality:
From this the audience may not know that the girl is Lucy as a child, but it gets them guessing and wanting to know more.
We made Ellie transparent as we wanted Gabby to be the main focus of the poster, but also to hint at the fact that she is a character from the past and not present in reality, rather as the mosaic technique here adds a layer of unreality.
We got Gabby to look behind to suggest that something is chasing or following her and to show that she is on edge. We identified close ups of the female characters as being a conventional choice for film posters in our genre.
(6)Tagline- hints at the film’s storyline.
Also ties in with the image on the poster. ‘The past isn’t always behind you’ hints to the audience that the young girl that Lucy is looking behind at is herself from the past.
We placed it under the image as after the viewer has seen the image the next thing they will be drawn to is the tagline and then they can make the association between the two.
The tagline creates an enigma for the audience- making them ask themselves what about her past is coming back and why?
Draws in the audience to wanting to see the film.
The teaser trailer will also have been released for a while so people who have seen it will be able to relate the tagline to the trailer and possibly answer these questions or think of new ones that haven’t been revealed in the trailer.
It’s in a faint yellow colour as it matches the colour of Lucy’s hair and so ties in all the colours together - we were keen to have a harmonious colour palette to allow the red of the title to really stand out.
Magazine
Magazine

Conventions of Form
(1)Masthead- we chose the magazine title to be ‘Screen’ as it can be associated with film and is short and snappy so will be easily remembered. The letters also work well stretched across the page which is not always the case - for example the words 'film' and 'reel' don't work as well aesthetically as too many of the letters are rather thin and angular.
(1)Masthead- we chose the magazine title to be ‘Screen’ as it can be associated with film and is short and snappy so will be easily remembered. The letters also work well stretched across the page which is not always the case - for example the words 'film' and 'reel' don't work as well aesthetically as too many of the letters are rather thin and angular.
We used a bold colour and font for our masthead to stand out on the cover. Red and white seem the most popular colours (Empire - red; Total Film and SFX - white)
Generally, the image overlaps the masthead but this is a convention for the magazine form that we could not follow as our picture was too large and so would cover too much of the title. We noticed in close up magazine shots, the convention is to allow the masthead to overlap the actor.
We placed our masthead across the top in large font as this is typical for the masthead of a magazine cover.
(3, 7)Barcode and Price- they indicate that it is a magazine as magazines are there to be bought and so a barcode and price is needed.
We gave the magazine a price of £2.99 as this was a reasonable but lowish price for film magazines when doing our research and we are targeting our magazine at a younger audience - we decided that would be its USP and also help to explain the presence of a film like ours on the front cover, as you only need cursory research to see that our film does not fall into the kind of genre that is often the main feature. A more alternative magazine would be our best bet in terms of promotion opportunities.
(4) Strapline- ‘The UK’s Number 1 Movie Magazine’tells the audience it’s the best film magazine out there and so will entice them to buy it over the others as it must therefore have the best content.
It’s placed underneath the magazine’s title as after they have read the masthead this is the next thing they will see.
In our research into film magazine covers we found that it was common to place the strapline here and to use this kind of hyperbolic language.
(5)Teaser text- we realised we had to keep it short and snappy to interest readers.
They tend to be in different fonts and colours to make them stand out and make the magazine look aesthetically pleasing. We noticed that there are roughly three colours and two or three different fonts used, with bold and italics being used to highlight key words.
We placed them along the side of magazine were the background is dark so that they stood out and could be read clearly.
Used words that were informal and friendly such as ‘psst’ as we found this was often the case on magazine covers.
We also used other teaser texts such as Free Megan Fox Poster inside to appeal to the typical target audience of the young male as and give them more reasons to buy the magazine. - we identified a more youthful market for our magazine.
Hyperbolic words like ‘exclusive’ and ‘first look’ were also found in research into magazine covers to entice readers to buying it as they want to be the first to know.
Conventions of Genre
Genre is difficult to establish on the magazine cover as many of the formal conventions are there to help sell the magazine rather than the specific film. We noticed that the genre is made quite clear with e.g. fantasy films, but is less obvious with other films. We therefore decided to take quite a subtle and low key approach and hope that our main image is strong enough to do the work of enticing the audience for us.
(2, 8)Main Image- originally when thinking of ideas for our main image we thought we would have a long shot of Lucy turning back as if something was chasing her. However, we felt this was too distant to really connect the audience with her and that we needed something stronger.
Genre is difficult to establish on the magazine cover as many of the formal conventions are there to help sell the magazine rather than the specific film. We noticed that the genre is made quite clear with e.g. fantasy films, but is less obvious with other films. We therefore decided to take quite a subtle and low key approach and hope that our main image is strong enough to do the work of enticing the audience for us.
(2, 8)Main Image- originally when thinking of ideas for our main image we thought we would have a long shot of Lucy turning back as if something was chasing her. However, we felt this was too distant to really connect the audience with her and that we needed something stronger.
We decided that it would be a good idea to have a close up of Lucy’s face as we had seen the success of this with e.g. the Empire Joker cover. While a very different genre, this kind of extreme close up is unsettling. The reader is likely to realise that this person's emotions are key, and the uneasy expression on her face hints at the genre.
It also allows the audience to immediately recognise Lucy’s face from the poster and trailer and therefore know that the cover is for our film Sleepless.
Overall this was difficult for us, because as discussed above, this is not the kind of film genre that tends to be a main feature, so we had to draw on different elements from other genre films and also some of the poster conventions to come up with a cover we were satisfied with.
Overall this was difficult for us, because as discussed above, this is not the kind of film genre that tends to be a main feature, so we had to draw on different elements from other genre films and also some of the poster conventions to come up with a cover we were satisfied with.
(6) Film Title- Using the same font and colour for our film title ‘Sleepless’ will make it recognisable to the audience and therefore help promote it.
It also stands out against the background as it’s a bold colour.
Our red film title is outlined in white to make it stand out even further.
Colour palette- we used a red and pale yellow colour palette to tie in with our poster and trailer. The blue of the water is also a key unifying colour.












































